As a professional facility integrating natural wood and low-temperature water, wooden cold baths must adhere to systematic technical specifications in their design, material selection, construction, and operation and maintenance. This ensures structural stability, reliable function, and safe and hygienic operation under complex conditions such as alternating temperature and humidity, continuous loads, and long-term contact with water. These specifications not only provide a unified technical basis for manufacturers, contractors, and users but also serve as crucial support for industry quality improvement and safety assurance.
Regarding material selection, the specifications explicitly require that the wood possess excellent moisture resistance, decay resistance, and antibacterial properties. Recommended species include cedar, red cedar, teak, and environmentally friendly preservative-treated Nordic pine, whose natural oils and fiber structure can mitigate the risk of water absorption, expansion, and cracking. The wood must undergo strict moisture content control, generally 2%-4% lower than the local annual average equilibrium moisture content, to prevent deformation due to shrinkage and swelling later on. The surface should be coated with an environmentally friendly, waterproof, mildew-proof, and wear-resistant coating that retains the natural texture while enhancing stain resistance and hygiene, ensuring a strong bond between the coating and the wood without the release of harmful substances.
The structural design must balance mechanical stability and waterproof sealing. The foundation should be designed with load-bearing capacity calculated based on the dimensions of the cold bath and the water load, using a reinforced concrete or steel structure base with a reasonable slope and drainage facilities to prevent leakage and structural damage. Wooden tank joints should preferably use mortise and tenon joints or high-strength connectors combined with food-grade waterproof structural adhesive to ensure uniform, strong joints without the risk of leakage. The load-bearing frame and seating area should be made of high-density, low-deformation wood, reinforced with metal or composite materials to prevent instability under long-term loads. All edges in contact with water and people should be rounded or treated with anti-slip materials to ensure safety.
The specifications emphasize a multi-layered protection principle for waterproofing and sealing processes. The interior of the tank must be lined with a continuous, uninterrupted waterproof layer. Combined with low-temperature resistant, mildew-resistant sealant, redundant sealing should be applied to the joints of the boards and areas where pipelines penetrate the tank to prevent moisture or water from seeping into the wood substrate and electrical components. Electrical and refrigeration pipelines must use waterproof conduits and be equipped with leakage protection and grounding devices to ensure safe operation in humid environments.
Equipment installation and commissioning should meet the requirements for positioning accuracy, levelness, and stability. The temperature control, circulation filtration, and sterilization systems should be jointly commissioned after installation to verify the accuracy of water temperature maintenance, circulation flow rate, filtration efficiency, and the operating status of the sterilization device, ensuring that parameters are within the design range. Commissioning data should be recorded as acceptance criteria.
The operation and maintenance phase requires the establishment of a periodic inspection and maintenance system. The integrity of the wood surface coating, the elasticity of seals, the tightness of structural connections, and electrical safety performance should be checked regularly. Any aging, cracking, or functional deviations should be repaired or replaced promptly. The water must be kept circulating, filtered, and disinfected; filter cartridges and sterilization components should be replaced regularly to prevent microbial growth. During periods of non-use, the water should be drained, the power supply turned off, and proper moisture protection measures taken.
In summary, the technical specifications for wooden cold baths cover the entire chain, including material performance, structural design, waterproofing and sealing, system commissioning, and operation and maintenance management. They aim to ensure the safety, functionality, and durability of the equipment in various application scenarios through rigorous and scientific engineering principles, and to provide a solid technical foundation for the industry's standardized development and high-quality service.
